Sarcoidosis is a complex systemic disease with variable epidemiology and clinical presentation.
The etiology of sarcoidosis is still unknown and there is no gold standard diagnostic biomarker.
The clinical presentation of sarcoidosis is highly variable, and its manifestations vary with epidemiological factors like race, sex, age and geography.
The diagnosis of sarcoidosis is often delayed and considered at first visit in only 15% of patients.
Patients’ age at diagnosis is as follows: most females are > 50 years and most males < 50 years.
Sarcoidosis is extremely rare in children.
Respiratory symptoms are the most common manifestation.
Among extrapulmonary manifestations, skin lesions, uveitis and lymphadenopathy are the most frequent.
Eye and neurological manifestations are more frequent in females than in males; skin, extrathoracic lymph nodes, liver and bone-marrow involvement is more frequent in Africam Americans and Caucasians.
Criteria for the diagnosis of sarcoidosis:
Compatible clinical and radiological presentation.
Histopathological demonstration of non-caseating granuloma and.
Exclusion of other diseases capable of producing a similar histopathological or clinical picture.
Treatment: there's no cure for sarcoidosis, but in many cases, there is spontaneous regression. Treatment may not be required, if there are no symptoms or only mild symptoms are present. The severity and extent of your condition will determine the type of treatment.
References
Jeny F, Bernaudin JF, Cohen Aubart F, et al. Diagnosis issues in sarcoidosis . Respir Med Res. 2020;77:37-45.
Crouser ED, Maier LA, Wilson KC, et al. Diagnosis and Detection of Sarcoidosis. An Official American Thoracic Society Clinical Practice Guideline. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2020; 201: e26–e51.
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